The underlying concept of both Containerization and Virtualization is finding an alternative to traditional infrastructure setup to execute processes with more flexibility, speed and efficiency, while using minimum resources.
Virtualization, as a decades-old approach, offered a solution by enabling apps to run on VMs independently with their own Operating Systems (OS) on top of server OS.
Virtual servers proved to be successful in running multiple apps at a time with increased app-to-machine ratio, as an answer to server consolidation and effective resource utilization.
Virtualization eliminated the need for an entire server for a single application by dedicating virtual servers for all individual apps. As a step further, Containerization came up with an answer to OS consolidation.
Containerization applied to OS, the same principle that virtualization did to servers and eliminated the need of an entire OS for each application. Instead, provided individual apps with dedicated environments that help them run on their own, irrespective of environment and without the need for VM.
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